Internet sharing is already used by ethernet. Windows can't access a computer on the local network

Igor Alekseev, Ph.D., director of the YarSU Research Center.

What is Internet Sharing?

Shared Internet access for organizations is the most common solution. However, there are times when large organizations do not have general internet A. More precisely, there is no single and common Internet access for the entire organization; for example, some departments work via a dedicated line, and some employees use dial-up modems to access the Internet. But there are situations that are more dire when system administrator doesn’t even know that some department has ordered and is using a special dedicated line.

Pros and cons of shared Internet access

Naturally, shared Internet access helps an organization control its Internet costs and, most importantly, ensure network security. Generally speaking, the unauthorized creation by users of Internet access channels should be prohibited not only by administrative, but also by technical measures. The network administrator must know what connections and channels exist in the corporate network, and especially where it is open to exchange information with the Internet, in order to protect the network from threats emanating from the Internet.

Thus, we will further consider the situation when an organization has one or more centralized Internet connections, through which all employees of the organization have common Internet access. Situations with confusion in Internet connections are clearly abnormal and must, first of all, be resolved by administrative decisions.

Shared Internet in an organization has a number of significant advantages. This is first of all:

the ability to control the Internet - all information flows incoming or outgoing from the organization’s local network.
the ability to install firewalls along the path of all incoming and outgoing IP packets to provide centralized network protection.
the ability to control the organization’s total expenses on the Internet.
the ability to generally record traffic and control user behavior on the Internet for the entire organization.
More efficient use funds: two slow channels from a provider usually cost more than one fast one; traffic with large volumes of consumption can cost less. In addition, so-called statistical multiplexing allows you to use Internet channel resources for public access more efficiently.

All this does not mean that the organization should have one Internet channel. There may be several of them, but shared Internet access presupposes centralized management of them, when all channels are considered as a single pool through which shared Internet access is provided.

Speaking about the advantages of shared Internet access in an organization, it is necessary to say about the difficulties that are present in it. Difficulties are usually associated with the fact that all users have general access and therefore influence each other. In practice, it often happens that the download of a large file launched by someone can take up all the resources of the common channel and prevent, for example, the accounting department from making an electronic payment. Thus, the tasks of monitoring, accounting and managing user access become extremely important for the general Internet. In other words, those opportunities that are mentioned as advantages of shared Internet access become necessary to implement!

How does Internet sharing work?

In order to understand how the problems of traffic accounting, managing user rights, and ensuring network security can be solved, it is necessary to understand how general Internet access works. Let's consider several scenarios for organizing general Internet access.

Shared Internet access for local network

In the simplest case, an organization's corporate network is a single local area network that is connected to the Internet via a leased line, an office building Ethernet network, or a home network. In this case, most often the local network switch includes channel equipment: an xDSL modem/router or a PPPoE/PPTP router that works with the provider’s office or home network.

The administrator's ability to manage and control such a network will be limited by the settings available in the modem/router. As a rule, these are quite cheap devices, the control capabilities of which may be limited.

Corporate network with distributed offices and centralized channel

In this case, the organization has its own departmental network, ordering dedicated lines between its offices and combining their local networks into a single routable space. One of the offices, well located geographically, becomes the center where the Internet channel from the provider is laid. As a rule, in this case, routing equipment for combining local networks of individual offices has developed management and accounting capabilities. Also, organizations that have such a network structure install separate systems - Internet control servers in order to solve the problems of traffic accounting and user access control. Internet control servers give IT staff greater flexibility and help them leverage the powerful features of routing equipment. For example, turning a report on traffic consumption by IP addresses into statistics for specific users. Network protection can be implemented by separate specialized devices or be one of the functions of the Internet control server. Rational use of the main and backup Internet channels for general access can also be ensured by Internet control server.

Routed corporate network with distributed Internet channels

Such a network automatically appears at an enterprise that unites the local networks of its remote sites by renting channels from an Internet provider, i.e. building a so-called virtual private network. Except that each office can get its own own Internet This access scheme is no different from the previous one. By concluding a contract with a provider for a leased line, the client, as a rule, can choose whether this channel will be routed to the Internet or not. However, often from a topological point of view it will be more profitable not to drive Internet traffic to one central office, but to receive Internet access in each office. How, in this case, can Internet access be made common, and not scattered and unmanaged?

This problem can also be solved using a set of Internet control servers in each office where there is an independent Internet channel. For the administrator of such a network, managing shared Internet access from all offices will then be transparent and convenient.

Thus, optimal solution The task of setting up managed shared Internet access in all cases will be to use an Internet control server - one, in the case of one local network, or a single Internet channel and several, if Internet channels are available in geographically remote points of the company network.

Setting up sharing

Using the example of using A-Real Internet control of the development server of the A-Real Consulting company.

Shared Internet on a local network with one Internet channel

Initial conditions: ADSL line from the provider, ADSL modem broadcasts to the WAN interface of the ADSL modem. Within the local network, gray addressing is used, for example 10.0.1.0/24.

To configure general Internet access, you must enable the internal interface of the A-Real Internet control server to the LAN switch port. On the internal interface of the A-Real Internet Control server, set the IP address and mask of your local network, for example, 10.0.1.254/24. On the external interface of the A-Real Internet control server and the LAN interface of the ADSL modem, set “gray” addresses from a different range, for example 10.0.255.1/24 and 10.0.255.255/24, respectively.

Further, if your network uses a proxy server, you can transfer its task to the built-in proxy server of the A-Real Internet control server. To do this, simply configure the proxy server address on your computer browsers on your local network: 10.0.1.254 port 3128.

For example, by clearly linking users to computers, you can configure the simplest scheme on the A-Real Internet control server - by IP addresses. Naturally, in this case, measures must be taken to ensure that users cannot change their IP addresses on their own, for example, not to give them administrative access to computers.
Authorization on the proxy server. You can give users individual logins and passwords to access Internet resources through a proxy server.
Authorization via windows domain controller. The A-Real Internet Control Server can receive information about the user from the Active Directory domain controller, in which case the user will only need to log into the Windows domain with his password in order to obtain general Internet access through the A-Real Internet Control Server.
Authorization through a separate program. If using a domain controller is not part of your plans, you can install on users’ computers a small program that is included with the A-Real Internet Control Server, which will prompt for the user’s login and password when accessing the Internet.
Authorization via PPTP or PPPoE. You can set up a PPPoE or PPTP server on the Internet server so that users access the Internet through a VPN tunnel, which each of their computers must establish with the Internet control server - each with their own login and password.

Shared Internet access via A-Real Internet control server

A-Real Internet control server is a ready-made software Internet gateway. It is installed on a dedicated computer connected between the local network and the Internet. A-Real

Today for many it is already an urgent need. Modern hardware and operating systems are becoming more and more intelligent, and the user is less and less likely to need to do anything to configure. However, occasionally such a need arises. Today we will tell you how to solve the problem if your computer reports that you are connected to a network without access to the Internet, and next to the connections icon you see a yellow triangle with an exclamation mark.

Microsoft operating systems, starting with Windows 7, constantly monitor network connections, and since global network is unavailable, they report it immediately. There are many reasons why your computer may not have an Internet connection. These could be problems with the provider, incorrect equipment configuration on the part of the user, or failures in the operation of network protocols. Today, the new IPv6 protocol is becoming increasingly widespread, but its percentage is still very small, especially in home networks, so the main attention will be paid to the old version - IPv4.

Connecting via a router via a network cable without access to the Internet

Problems with the provider

Yesterday everything worked, but today this warning appeared. If this happens to you for no apparent reason, then in most cases the problem is with the provider. Therefore, before doing anything yourself, call technical support. Most often, data transmission lines are damaged, some technical work or you simply forgot to top up your account on time.

You may hear in response that everything is working well with the provider, then you need to check your network and, if necessary, configure it. The support service will probably offer the services of its technician, but, firstly, his services are not free, and secondly, by the time the technician gets to you, you may have time to solve the problem yourself.

Physical connection problem

It is not so rare that the culprit is a partially broken network cable or a loose connection in the connector. And if you have pets or children, then the likelihood of such a development of events increases. Even Wi-Fi users should not forget that there will also be a cable running to the wireless router. Check the integrity of all wiring - are there any strong kinks anywhere, are all plugs firmly inserted into the sockets and are they inserted where they really need to be. Provided that no problem is found here, we move on to the next step.

Connecting via local network Windows 7 without access to the Internet

It happens that the installed router simply freezes. In this case it helps. To do this, just turn off its power and connect it again after a few seconds. It won't hurt to restart your computer at the same time. If your router freezes like this with annoying regularity, consider buying a new device. You should also try connecting the Internet cable directly to your PC or laptop. If there is no result, let’s first deal with the computer.

Checking your computer settings

It is possible that the problem arose “out of the blue”, then problems with the settings on the computer should not arise; much more often the problem arises during the initial configuration or making any changes to an already working network. First of all, you need to check that the IP address of your computer is correct by pressing Win+R on your keyboard at the same time. The Run window will open. In its line, enter ncpa.cpl and click OK. The network connections window will appear. It may happen that there are several of them, but the necessary one will not be crossed out with a red cross and its name is similar to “Local Area Connection” or “Wireless Connection” (in the case of using Wi-Fi). Right-click on the desired connection and go to properties, where the list will contain lines with IPv4 and IPv6 entries. Check the box next to IPv6, and double-click on IPv4. Check the boxes to automatically receive settings and save the changes. If access to the Internet does not appear, move on.

Setting up a local network connection in Windows 7

Finding out the router address

Perhaps you didn’t have to do anything in the previous window, the settings for obtaining IPv4 and IPv6 protocol addresses are automatic and everything was initially as it should be. Then you just need to configure the router, for which you need to know its address. Right-click on the connection again and select “Status” and then click “Details”. There will be several lines in the window that appears; we are interested in “IPv4 Address”. If you see an entry like 192.168.x.x, remember or write down what is indicated opposite “IPv4 DHCP server” - this will be its address. It may be that the computer is not able to receive the settings automatically, then the entry will look like 169.254.x.x. You can find out the router’s IP from its documentation, or it is indicated on the device’s case, and most often it is 192.168.0.1 or 192.168.1.1. Open your browser and enter the established IP in the address bar, and if it is correct, you will be prompted to enter your login and password.

Properties of “Internet Protocol Version 4 (TCP/IPv4)”

Setting up an internal network on the router

After correctly entering your credentials, you will be taken to the router control panel, and further actions depend on the device model and its firmware. You need to find a DHCP server control, which is responsible for automatically obtaining IP addresses and other parameters necessary for the network to function properly. Look for blocks whose names include DHCP settings, DHCP server, or similar. The block will contain a switch with the values Enable or Disable. Most often, these settings are located in the LAN section. Enable the DHCP server, save the changes and reboot the router. Once this is done, an Internet connection will appear on your computer.

Check your connection settings to your provider

You should not jump to hasty conclusions if the previous steps did not help set up the connection. Since the network is still not working normally, we check the connection with the provider, for which in the router control panel, go to the appropriate section. Almost all manufacturers call these options WAN or Internet. There are quite a lot of settings options in this section. Which ones are intended for you, you can find out from the contract or from the technical support of your service provider.

Reinstalling network card drivers and checking the firewall

It makes sense to do this when you are sure that all previous settings are correct, the connection with the provider is established, but the network cannot be configured normally. The best option would be to download the most recent version of the driver from the manufacturer's website, which, it seems, will require going to a friend or neighbor. If this is not possible, the driver included on the installation disk will do. After reinstalling, be sure to restart your computer. Here it is also necessary to note driver failures that occur due to the installed software, which makes changes to the operation of network protocols on the computer. The most common representatives are antiviruses and firewalls. Make sure that such programs are not installed, and if they are, disable or remove them during the test, as they may block the connection.

Replacing the MAC address of a network card

Problems with MAC addresses sometimes arise in cases where the network is very large, but it is still worth eliminating it. On your computer, go to the device manager, press the Win+R keys, enter devmgmt.msc and click OK. The device manager will launch, where you need to find the “Network adapters” section, expand it and select the network card with which the PC is connected. After double-clicking on it, in a new window, on the “Advanced” tab, select the Network address option and enter any twelve digits in the empty field on the right. After that, reboot and look at the result.

Clear DNS cache and reset TCP/IP settings

Subsequent actions will reset everything network settings for IPv6 and v4, so you need to follow them. If you are ready for this, and you have information about all the settings (written down somewhere, for example), find the command line in the Start menu and run it with administrator rights. Enter the following commands in the window that appears, confirming your entry by pressing Enter. After running each command, restart your computer and check the result.

ipconfig /flushdns
netsh winsock reset
netsh int ip reset c:\resetlog.txt - this command will completely reset all connections and you will have to configure them again!

Clearing the DNS cache using the command line

You have a direct connection to your provider

The option when your computer is connected directly to the provider, bypassing the router, is now becoming less and less common, as the number of network devices is steadily growing. But what to do if you have just such a connection? Eliminate possible problems with drivers as indicated above and check that the connection settings are correct. Regarding the settings, the best option would be to contact technical support, since there are a lot of variations.

Nothing helped at all

Maybe you're lucky and your ISP provides access using the new IPv6 protocol, the configuration of which requires knowledge of some subtleties. It should be noted that the expansion of the use of IPv6 is inevitable, since the address space of the previous version of the protocol, IPv4, has come to an end, and the global network is growing every day. Since your efforts have been wasted, and your network still hasn’t started working, then there is only one piece of advice - call a specialist. It is quite possible that the problem that has arisen is non-standard or that equipment replacement/repair is required to solve it.

There is Internet access, but the error remains

This situation may well exist. The reasons may be different - most often when connecting through a proxy server. However, there is only one solution. Press Win+R, enter gpedit.msc - this will take you to the local group policy editor. In the menu on the left, go through the items: Policy " Local Computer» - Computer Configuration - Administrative Templates - System - Internet Communication Management - Internet Communication Settings. Now, on the right side of the window, find and enable “Disable active probing for network connection status indicator.” In Windows 10, this setting is called "Turn off active network connection health checks." Please note that now, even if there is truly no connection, the message will not appear.

Conclusion

This article collects the most common problems associated with the “Network without Internet access” error and suggests ways to solve it. We hope that the material was interesting to you and helped you overcome the difficulties you encountered.

Today I decided to prepare a short instruction with solutions to the problem when, when setting up Internet distribution via Wi-Fi in Windows 10, it is not possible to open a shared Internet connection.

How a virtual Wi-Fi network works in Windows 10. And not only in the “top ten”, in Windows 7 everything is exactly the same. First, using commands or through a special program, we launch the access point. After this, our laptop is already distributing a Wi-Fi network, but it does not have access to the Internet. That is, the network itself is there, you can connect to it, but the Internet will not work. Why? Yes, because you need to provide general access to the Internet. What does it mean. In the properties of the connection through which we connect to the Internet, we must allow general access to the Internet for the virtual Wi-Fi network we have launched.

Below we will look at problems that often arise when setting up shared access for a virtual Wi-Fi network in Windows 10. It is not uncommon for people to share useful solutions to various problems in the comments to various articles. For which we thank them more!

There is no option to select a connection when opening public Internet access

I have seen comments on this very issue more than once. The solution was also shared in the comments. The problem is this. We started distributing a Wi-Fi network in Windows 10, on the page with adapters there is “Local Area Network Connection* 12” (number may be different). Now, we need to provide shared Internet access for this connection.

We go to the properties of our Internet connection (usually this is an "Ethernet", or high-speed connection), go to the “Access” tab, check the box next to “Allow other network users to use this computer’s Internet connection,” and we see that there is no option to select “Home network connection.” There is only “Wireless Network”, and there is no drop-down menu in which you need to select “Local Area Connection*”. It looks like this:

Solution. Open the properties of the adapter through which you are connected to the Internet. It doesn't have to be an Ethernet adapter. Then, simply uncheck the "Allow other users..." checkbox and click Ok.

Then, open the properties of the same adapter again, check the box next to “Allow other network users to use this computer’s Internet connection,” and a menu should appear below where you can select our “Local Area Network Connection*” that we launched. Click Ok.

You can also try disabling and enabling the adapter (by right-clicking on it and selecting the appropriate item), and then check the box again. After these steps, you should have access to the Internet via the Wi-Fi network that we launched on the laptop.

If you still cannot select your home network from the list, make sure it is running. Where all the adapters are: “Ethernet”, “Wireless Network”, there should be “Local Area Connection*” with some number.

If you know any other solutions to this problem, I ask you to share them in the comments to this article.

There is no "Access" tab in connection properties in Windows 10

Opening Internet connection properties (to provide general access to the Internet), you may find that there is no tab "Access", on which you actually need to configure shared access.

1 First of all, you need to make sure that in the “Network and Internet” – “Network Connections” settings there is “Local Area Connection*”. This means that the virtual network is running. If it is not there, then you need to start the network according to the instructions, the link to which I gave above.

2 If you have only one connection there, for example “Ethernet”, then this tab will not appear, since there is not a single connection for which you can configure sharing. You need to install the driver for the Wi-Fi adapter and start the virtual network.

3 You may have already checked the "Allow other network users..." checkbox in the properties of other connections, for example, "Wireless network". Uncheck this box for all connections (from which it is possible), and the Access tab should appear.

4 If you have Windows 7, then the initial version of "Starter" does not have the ability to share. In the home version of Windows 10, I did not notice any problems with this.

If I find out any more information on this topic, I will definitely add it to this article. You can share your experience in the comments, or ask questions, we’ll figure it out.