Civil law. Organizations
Catalog of tasks.
Characteristics of the main social facilities
Find the constitutional duties of a citizen in the list below Russian Federation and write down the numbers under which they are indicated.
1) work at an enterprise, in institutions
2) participation in elections
3) defense of the Fatherland
4) protection of cultural monuments
5) paying taxes
6) participation in political movements
Answer:
Find the legal facts that are events in the list below. Write down the numbers under which they are indicated.
1) Citizen M. bought kefir at the store
2) upon reaching the age of fourteen, a teenager has the right to receive a passport
3) as a result of sudden death, Mr. X. was unable to repay the debt
4) the K. spouses bought a country house on credit
5) as a result of the hurricane, all the glass in the office was broken
Answer:
Find in the list below distinctive features cooperative. Write down the numbers under which they are indicated.
1) a voluntary association of citizens on the basis of membership for joint production or other economic activities
2) the charter must contain conditions on the amount of share contributions of members commercial organization
3) the participant can be one person, who in this case has complete control over the activities of the commercial organization
4) general manager in practice, most often acts as the sole executive body of a commercial organization
5) the highest management body of a commercial organization is general meeting members of this organization
Answer:
Find the areas of private law in the list below and circle the numbers they appear under.
1) financial
2) labor
3) constitutional
4) entrepreneurial
5) criminal
6) administrative
Answer:
A student is working on an essay “Requirements for an employee as a participant labor activity" Which of the following requirements can he consider in his work? (Write down the numbers under which these requirements are indicated).
1) qualifications corresponding to the nature of the work
2) compliance with labor laws
3) compliance with internal regulations
4) ensuring proper working conditions
5) appropriate salary level
6) provision of social guarantees
Answer:
Find examples of civil offenses in the list below and indicate the numbers under which they appear.
1) failure by the publishing house to fulfill the terms of the contract with the author of the novel
2) hostage taking in a school building
3) students smoking in the university building
4) violation of fire safety rules
5) dumping industrial waste into the river
6) non-payment of loan to the bank
Answer:
Find the characteristics of law in the list below. Write down the numbers under which they are indicated.
1) formulated and supported by the state
2) exists in oral form
3) violation of legal norms is followed only by measures of public censure
4) relates to the normative system of society
5) defines the boundaries of proper behavior of people
Answer:
Find in the list given the provisions characterizing the rules of law. Write down the numbers under which they are indicated.
1) a set of ideas about good and evil
2) obligatory implementation
3) ensuring compliance with the coercive force of the state
4) form of social consciousness
5) reusability
Answer:
Find in the list below provisions related to the fundamentals of the constitutional system of the Russian Federation. Write down the numbers under which they are indicated.
1) recognition of human rights and freedoms as the highest value
2) conditions and procedure for concluding an employment contract
3) the supremacy of the Constitution and federal laws Russian Federation throughout its territory
4) circumstances excluding criminal liability
5) ideological diversity
Answer:
Find administrative legal relations in the list below and write down the numbers under which they are indicated.
1) relations between ministries and departments
2) relations between the passport and visa service and citizens
3) the relationship between the judge and the person accused of murder
4) relations between the manufacturer and the store
5) the relationship of the playwright-screenwriter with the film studio
6) relations between the education department and the gymnasium
Answer:
Find in the list the legal grounds for termination of an employment contract at the initiative of the employer and write down the numbers under which they are indicated.
1) Due to a drop in demand for products, the company was forced to reduce the number of employees by 15%.
2) As a result of an accident, the master watchmaker of a watch manufacturing company partially lost his sight, and the management of the company terminated his relationship with him. employment contract.
3) The employer learned that the employee disclosed information constituting trade secret that he had
due to official obligations.
4) The certification of employees of the academic institute showed that the level of qualifications of a number of scientific employees does not meet the requirements of the qualification characteristics.
5) The woman went to maternity leave, and, based on the fact that she will not be able to fulfill her
functional responsibilities at the company, management decided to dismiss her.
Answer:
Find examples of administrative violations in the list and write down the numbers under which they are indicated.
1) Citizen N. sprayed a can of tear gas on the street.
2) Citizen K. parked her car on the lawn in the park.
3) The construction team violated the deadlines for the construction of a country cottage for citizen P.
4) A young man, walking in the park with a friend, wrote his name and the girl’s name on a bench with a bright marker.
5) The director of the company dismissed the deputy chief accountant on the grounds of loss of confidence in him.
Answer:
Select from the proposed signs of a rule-of-law state. Write your answer in numbers without commas or spaces.
1) the presence of a system of taxes and fees
2) separation and independence of branches of government
3) a system of checks and balances between the branches of government
4) the rule of law, its equal effect for everyone
5) an extensive system of law enforcement agencies
6) the ratio of the national currency to the currencies of other countries
Answer:
Indicate the principles that apply in criminal proceedings against minors. Write your answer in numbers without spaces.
1) Minors must be released on their own recognizance
2) The time of detention on charges of a crime cannot exceed 48 hours
3) Interrogation of minors cannot be carried out in the presence of their parents
4) The interrogation of a victim under 14 years of age is carried out with the mandatory participation of a teacher
5) Minor citizens cannot be detained
6) The interrogation of a minor cannot be carried out at night, except in urgent cases.
Answer:
Read excerpts from journalistic materials. Select from among them examples that are characteristic of the functioning of the rule of law. Write down the numbers under which they are indicated.
1) “The head of state gave the order for troops loyal to him to open fire against the opposition and disperse the rally.”
2) “The nephew of the country’s president was detained by the police for a fight in a bar and appeared in court.”
3) “The country’s parliament took the initiative to dismiss the government and hold early elections.”
4) “The Constitutional Court accepted the new presidential decree for examination for compliance with the Constitution of the country.”
5) “By order of the head of state, opposition forces and parties were excluded from the election lists and were unable to participate in the parliamentary elections.”
Answer:
Find the civil offenses on the list and write down the numbers under which they are listed.
1) citizen N. exceeded the speed limit when entering the courtyard of the house
2) citizens of R. were renovating their apartment at night
3) citizen M. was unable to return the money borrowed from citizen N. within the prescribed period
4) the store refused to accept the defective dress she purchased from the customer
5) Citizen Sh. was late for work again, citing traffic jams on the highway
6) the publishing house released an additional edition of the book without notifying the author and without paying him a fee
Answer:
1) pregnant women
2) conscripts transferred to the reserve
3) persons with higher education
4) persons under 18 years of age
5) persons who have graduated from professional educational institution and those entering work in their specialty for the first time
6) persons who changed their place of residence
Answer:
Find the taxpayer's rights in the list and write down the numbers under which they are indicated.
1) receive a deferment, installment plan or investment tax credit in the manner and under the conditions established by the Tax Code
2) pay legally established taxes to the budget and off-budget funds timely and in full (occurs only from the moment it comes into force normative act, providing for the payment of a specifically defined type of tax)
3) to comply with and maintain tax secrecy
4) provide tax authorities and their officials with explanations on the calculation and payment of taxes, as well as on reports of tax audits carried out
5) submit to the tax authority at the place of registration in the prescribed manner tax returns for the taxes that they are obliged to pay
6) be present during an on-site tax audit
Answer:
Find the items in the list below legal status minors aged 14 to 18 years. Write down the numbers under which they are indicated.
1) the right to independently manage your scholarship, earnings and other income
2) the right to independently sell the inherited apartment
3) the right to make deposits in the bank on one’s own behalf
5) the right to independently conclude any transactions
6) the right from the age of 15 to be a member of a cooperative
Answer:
Find the characteristics of the legal rule in the list below. Write down the numbers under which they are indicated.
1) is of a generally binding nature
2) provided by the power of state coercion
3) public sanctions are provided for violation
4) comes into force from a specific date
5) is enshrined in written acts
6) introduced gradually
Answer:
Find the features of civil law in the list below. Write down the numbers under which they are indicated.
1) Civil legal relations are based on the principle of freedom of contract.
2) Civil legal relations are based on the principle of equality of parties.
3) Civil legal relations regulate relations in the field public administration.
4) Civil legal relations regulate the relationship between an employer and an employee based on an employment contract.
5) Civil legal relations arise exclusively as a result of the commission of a crime.
6) Participants in civil legal relations are: the state, legal entities, individuals.
Answer:
Find the legal facts that are events in the list below. Write down the numbers under which they are indicated.
1) As a result of the earthquake, dozens of houses were destroyed.
2) Citizen K. crossed the road in the wrong place.
3) The body of the car was damaged as a result of a falling tree.
4) Upon reaching 14 years of age, a teenager has the right to receive a passport.
5) Spouses V. bought a country house on credit.
6) Citizen U. filed documents to enter into an inheritance.
Answer:
Find in the list below the forms in which legal entities that are commercial organizations can be created. Write down the numbers under which they are indicated.
2) business company
3) business partnership
4) production cooperative
5) consumer cooperative
Answer:
Find in the list below the mandatory conditions for marriage defined by the legislation of the Russian Federation. Write down the numbers under which they are indicated.
1) at least one of the future spouses has a job
2) voluntary consent of persons entering into marriage
3) availability of housing for at least one of the future spouses
4) the presence of property in at least one of the future spouses
5) no criminal record for persons entering into marriage
6) reaching marriageable age
Answer:
Find the powers of the Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation in the list above and write down the numbers under which they are indicated.
1) resolution of disputes about competence between government bodies of the Russian Federation and constituent entities of the Russian Federation
2) supervision over the activities of courts of general jurisdiction
3) interpretation of the Constitution of the Russian Federation
4) resolution of cases on the compliance of federal laws, regulations of the President of the Russian Federation, the Federation Council with the Constitution of the Russian Federation, State Duma, Government of the Russian Federation
5) consideration of cases as a court of appeal and cassation instances
6) generalization judicial practice, analysis of judicial statistics
Answer:
Choose the correct judgments about the Russian legal system and write down the numbers under which they are indicated.
1) Branches of substantive law, in contrast to branches of procedural law, establish the procedure for applying legal norms.
2) Criminal law regulates social relations related to the commission of criminal acts, the imposition of punishment and the application of other measures of a criminal legal nature.
3) Administrative law regulates property and related personal non-property relations.
4) Civil law is classified as private law.
5) Legal institution - a set of norms regulating a certain segment (side) of homogeneous social relations.
Answer:
Choose the correct judgments about family law in the Russian Federation and write down the numbers under which they are indicated. Enter the numbers in ascending order.
1) Family law regulates property and personal non-property relations between family members.
2) The marriage is suspended due to the civil registry office declaring one of the spouses dead.
3) Marriage is concluded in the civil registry office (registry office).
4) The legal regime of the property of the spouses is established only by the marriage contract.
5) Parents are obliged to provide maintenance to their minor children.
Answer:
Select the correct judgments about the employment contract and write down the numbers under which they are indicated. Enter the numbers in ascending order.
1) The duration of an employment contract is always determined by agreement between the employer and the employee.
2) The parties to the employment contract are the employer and the employee.
3) By general rule the validity period of a fixed-term employment contract cannot exceed 5 years.
4) An employment contract that is not formalized in writing is considered concluded if the employee began work with the knowledge or on behalf of the employer.
5) As a general rule, the conclusion of an employment contract is allowed with persons who have reached the age of fourteen years.
6) An employment contract can be terminated at any time at the initiative of the employer.
Answer:
Choose the correct judgments about the marriage contract and write down the numbers under which they are indicated. Enter the numbers in ascending order.
1) A marriage contract can only be concluded between married persons.
2) The marriage contract regulates exclusively the property rights and obligations of the spouses.
3) The marriage contract is subject to mandatory notarization.
4) The marriage contract can be changed or terminated only by mutual agreement of the spouses.
5) A marriage contract may establish the spouses’ alimony obligations in relation to children.
6) A marriage contract can be concluded both in relation to the existing and future property of the spouses.
Answer:
Select the correct judgments about military service and alternative civil service in the Russian Federation and write down the numbers under which they are indicated. Enter the numbers in ascending order.
1) Military duty Citizens of the Russian Federation are required to remain in reserve.
2) Citizens cannot be exempted from performing military duty.
3) Military service can be carried out on a voluntary basis (under a contract).
4) Foreign citizens cannot perform military service in Armed Forces RF.
5) A citizen has the right to replace military service by conscription with an alternative civil service in the event that military service conflicts with his religion.
Answer:
Select the correct judgments about law in the system of social norms and write down the numbers under which they are indicated. Enter the numbers in ascending order.
1) The scope of law is wider than moral norms.
2) Only rules of law come from the state and are the official expression of its will.
3) Rules of law are not formally defined.
4) One of the signs of law is how social norm is its generally binding nature.
5) Rules of law are the only state regulator of social relations.
Answer:
Select the correct judgments about criminal liability in accordance with the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation and write down the numbers under which they are indicated. Enter the numbers in ascending order.
1) Only sane persons are subject to criminal liability.
2) The subjects of criminal liability are individuals and legal entities.
3) As a general rule, persons over 16 years of age are subject to criminal liability.
4) Persons who commit a crime while intoxicated are subject to criminal liability.
5) A law abolishing or mitigating criminal liability does not have retroactive effect.
Answer:
Select the correct judgments about the operation of the criminal law in time and space and write down the numbers under which they are indicated. Enter the numbers in ascending order.
1) The time of commission of a crime is the time of the onset of socially dangerous consequences.
2) The criminality of an act is determined by the criminal law in force at the time of the verdict in the case.
3) A Russian citizen cannot be extradited for trial and punishment to a foreign state.
4) Foreign citizens who have committed a crime on the territory of Russia are subject to criminal liability under the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation.
5) A criminal law that improves the situation of a person who has committed a crime has retroactive effect.
Answer:
Select the correct judgments about the procedure for divorce in the Russian Federation and write down the numbers under which they are indicated. Enter the numbers in ascending order.
1) The husband does not have the right to initiate proceedings for divorce without the consent of his wife within a year after the birth of a common child.
2) In the absence of the consent of one of the spouses who do not have common minor children, the divorce is carried out in court.
3) If there is mutual agreement to dissolve the marriage of spouses who do not have common minor children, the court is obliged to take measures to reconcile the spouses and postpone the proceedings, assigning the spouses a period for reconciliation.
4) Neither spouse has the right to initiate proceedings for divorce if the other spouse is declared incompetent by the court.
5) After a month from the date of filing the application, the civil registry office may dissolve the marriage and issue a certificate of divorce.
Answer:
Choose the correct judgments about the subjects of civil law and write down the numbers under which they are indicated. Enter the numbers in ascending order.
1) Legal entities are organizations that have the right to participate in civil legal transactions.
2) Stateless persons cannot be subjects of civil law.
3) Minors aged 14 to 18 years have the right to independently manage their earnings, stipends and other income.
4) Civil capacity individual arises from the moment a person is born.
5) The civil legal capacity of a legal entity arises from the moment of its registration in the manner prescribed by law.
Answer:
Choose the correct judgments about disciplinary responsibility and write down the numbers under which they are indicated. Enter the numbers in ascending order.
1) Disciplinary liability arises if an employee violates labor discipline.
2) The commission of a disciplinary offense by an employee always entails the application of disciplinary measures to him.
3) Overlay disciplinary action is always formalized by a written order from the employer.
4) The employer may apply any disciplinary measures to the employee that are not prohibited by law.
5) An employee may challenge the disciplinary sanction imposed on him.
Answer:
Choose the correct judgments about civil liability and write down the numbers under which they are indicated. Enter the numbers in ascending order.
1) Persons over 18 years of age bear full civil liability.
2) Civil liability is of a property nature.
3) Civil liability may involve deprivation of liberty.
4) Civil liability may be provided for by law or contract.
5) Only individuals bear civil liability.
Answer:
Choose the correct statements about employee rights and write down the numbers under which they are indicated.
Enter the numbers in ascending order.
1) compensation for harm caused to an employee in connection with the performance of work duties
2) mandatory social insurance in cases provided for by federal laws
3) resolution of individual and collective labor disputes
4) compliance with established labor standards
5) compliance with labor protection and occupational safety requirements
Answer:
Choose the correct statements about the rights of the employer and write down the numbers under which they are indicated.
Enter the numbers in ascending order.
1) carry out compulsory social insurance of employees in the manner established by federal laws
2) bring employees to disciplinary and financial liability in the manner established by the Labor Code
3) familiarize employees with the adopted local regulations against signature
4) conduct collective negotiations and conclude collective agreements
5) adopt local regulations
Answer:
Find legal facts and events in the list below. Write it down numbers, under which they are indicated.
Enter the numbers in ascending order.
1) conclusion of a marriage contract
2) violation of the rules traffic
3) the occurrence of an insured event due to a tree falling during a hurricane
4) reaching the age of majority
5) entry into force of the will
Answer:
Find in the list below the categories of persons for whom there is NOT an employment test. Write down the numbers under which they are indicated.
Enter the numbers in ascending order.
1) persons under 18 years of age
2) persons elected to an elective position for paid work
3) persons concluding an employment contract for a period of two months or more
4) pregnant women
5) conscripts transferred to the reserve
Answer:
Choose the correct judgments about subjects of civil law. Write it down numbers, under which they are indicated.
Enter the numbers in ascending order.
1) The civil capacity of an individual arises from the moment of birth of a person.
2) Subjects of civil law can be individuals and legal entities, as well as the state and municipalities.
3) The scope of legal capacity of all capable citizens is the same.
4) By a court decision, citizens are recognized as incompetent if, due to a mental disorder, they cannot understand the meaning of their actions or control them.
5) It is customary to call citizens under 16 years of age partially capable.
Answer:
Choose the correct judgments about the employment contract. Write it down numbers, under which they are indicated.
Enter the numbers in ascending order.
1) The parties to the employment contract are the employer and the employee.
2) Mandatory conditions for inclusion in an employment contract are: place of work, labor function, conditions of remuneration.
3) To sign an employment contract, the employee only needs to provide a passport and work book.
4) The employment contract may provide additional conditions that do not worsen the employee’s position in comparison with established labor legislation.
5) An employment contract can only be concluded for a period of no more than three years.
Answer:
Choose the correct judgments about civil law. Write down the numbers below which the relevant provisions are indicated.
Enter the numbers in ascending order.
1) Civil law includes a system of legal norms defining crime and punishability of acts.
2) The basis of the relationship between partners is the private interest and autonomous will of each participant in the legal relations that arise.
3) The rules of civil law regulate property and personal non-property relations.
4) Civil legal relations arising in connection with the creation and use of works of science, literature, art, etc. are regulated by copyright.
5) Methods of protecting civil rights established by the Civil Code of the Russian Federation include warning and disqualification.
Answer:
Choose the correct judgments about administrative responsibility and write down the numbers under which they are indicated.
Enter the numbers in ascending order.
1) Subjects of administrative responsibility are individuals, legal entities and officials.
2) As a general rule, administrative responsibility begins at the age of 16.
3) Administrative penalties are appointed only by the court.
4) Administrative responsibility is established only by federal laws.
5) Administrative liability does not entail a criminal record.
Answer:
Choose the correct statements about legal liability and write down the numbers under which they are indicated.
Enter the numbers in ascending order.
1) The commission of a socially dangerous illegal act always entails legal liability.
2) A prerequisite for legal liability is the presence of guilt.
3) Legal responsibility lies in the application of state coercive measures to the offender.
4) In the legal system of the Russian Federation, there are three types of legal liability.
5) Legal responsibility has an educational function.
Answer:
Choose the correct judgments about the employment contract. Write down the numbers under which they are indicated.
Enter the numbers in ascending order.
1) As a general rule, an employment contract is concluded with an employee who has reached 18 years of age.
2) An employer’s refusal to conclude an employment contract with an employee can be appealed in court.
3) A fixed-term employment contract can be concluded for a period of no more than 3 years.
4) An employment contract may contain conditions on probation of an employee.
5) Both a fixed-term and an open-ended employment contract can be terminated at the initiative of the employee.
Answer:
Choose the correct judgments about the sources of law. Write down the numbers under which they are indicated.
Enter the numbers in ascending order.
1) The source of law is understood as the method of consolidating the rules of law.
2) Sources of law are always in written form.
3) The oldest type of sources of law is legal precedent.
4) The leading source of law in the Russian Federation is a normative legal act.
5) A contract can be a source of law.
Answer:
Choose the correct judgments about the forms of legal liability. Write down the numbers under which they are indicated.
Enter the numbers in ascending order.
1) The employer has the right to bring employees to disciplinary liability in cases provided for by law.
2) Subjects of administrative liability are both individuals and legal entities.
3) The form of administrative liability is full compensation for harm.
4) Criminal liability arises for committing an offense.
5) Criminal punishment entails a legal consequence inherent only to criminal liability - a criminal record.
Answer:
Choose the correct judgments about the types of regulatory legal acts. Write down the numbers under which they are indicated.
Enter the numbers in ascending order.
1) According to their legal force, regulatory legal acts are divided into laws and by-laws.
2) Orders and regulations of ministries require parliamentary approval.
3) Temporary acts cease to be valid upon resolution of the issue in connection with which they were adopted.
4) Acts adopted in a referendum require approval by the legislative authority.
5) Acts general action cover and resolve the most similar range of issues.
Answer:
Choose the correct judgments about the branch of civil law. Write down the numbers under which they are indicated.
Enter the numbers in ascending order.
1) Civil law is a branch of law that regulates social relations arising in the process of implementation executive branch state authorities.
2) One of the functions of civil law is the executive function.
3) The objects of civil law are property, work and services, information, results of intellectual activity, intangible benefits.
4) The principles of civil law include equality legal regime subjects.
5) Sub-branches of civil law include property law and the law of obligations.
Search for materials
1. Citizen P. drew up a power of attorney for his son to use his car. This situation illustrates the legal relationship
1) family
2) labor
3) administrative
4) civilian
2. It is a civil offense
1) selling low-quality goods in a store
2) selling soft drugs at a school disco
3) miners' strike
4) selling an apartment on credit
3. The procedure for considering cases of material compensation for moral damage in court is regulated
1) Administrative Code
2) Criminal Code
3) Civil Code
4) Family Code
4. Citizen S. ordered a wedding dress from the studio. On the eve of the deadline for the order, she received a call from the studio and, apologizing, said that their seamstress was ill, so they would not be able to sew her a dress on time. Citizen S. filed a lawsuit against the studio. Which articles of the code will form the basis for the consideration of the case in court?
1) labor
2) administrative
3) financial
4) civil
5. In a newspaper article, the journalist, without waiting for a court decision, declared Mr. N. guilty of theft. What right of Mr. N. did the journalist violate?
1) the right to the presumption of innocence
2) the right to judicial protection
3) right to freedom of speech
4) the right to equality before the law
6. Citizen P. issued a power of attorney to receive the state pension due to him for his son. This situation illustrates the legal relationship
1) civilian
2) family
3) civil procedural
4) labor
7. The employees of the Little Havana cafe are the owners of their enterprise. They resolve issues of profit distribution and allocation of funds for the development of their cafe together. What form of ownership does it represent? this enterprise?
1) state
2) cooperative
3) municipal
4) joint stock
8. It is a civil offense
1) giving a bribe to an official
2) missing classes without good reason
4) violation of traffic rules
9. Enterprises of various forms of ownership (state, joint stock, individual private) are united by the need
1) comply labor legislation
2) issue securities
3) pay dividends to owners
4) enter foreign markets
10. Enterprises of various forms of ownership (state, joint stock, individual) are united by the need
1) investing in the purchase of land
2) purchasing equipment abroad
3) payment of taxes to the state budget
4) formation of own recreation centers
11. Citizen R. sold her car to her ex-husband. This situation illustrates the legal relationship
1) family
2) civilian
3) civil procedural
4) administrative
12. What code regulates the procedure for considering cases of material compensation for moral damage in court?
1) administrative
2) criminal procedure
3) civil procedure
4) labor
13. Citizen A. rented out his apartment. What law governs these legal relations?
1) civil
2) administrative
3) labor
4) entrepreneurial
14. Are the following judgments about civil legal relations correct?
A. In civil legal relations, one party is always dominant, and the other is
submissive.
B. Civil legal relations arise in most cases by agreement of the parties.
1) only A is correct
2) only B is correct
3) both judgments are correct
4) both judgments are incorrect
1) affiliate
2) administrative
3) labor
4) civilian
16. A unitary enterprise and an individual entrepreneur cannot reach an agreement on the issue of changing the terms of the mutual cooperation agreement. This dispute is within the jurisdiction
1) magistrate
3) to a court of general jurisdiction
4) constitutional court
17. Are the following judgments about civil legal relations correct?
A. Civil legal relations are based on the recognition of the equality of their participants.
B. One of the parties to civil legal relations may be foreign citizens and stateless persons.
1) only A is correct
2) only B is correct
3) both judgments are correct
4) both judgments are incorrect
18. Grandfather and grandson went into the forest to pick mushrooms and found a treasure with old coins. What legal relations arise as a result of this discovery?
1) civilian
2) family
3) labor
4) administrative
19. Company A is a commercial organization. What additional information will allow us to conclude that the legal form of A is a joint stock company?
1) the company’s annual profit is constantly growing
2) the company was formed by several persons
3) the authorized capital of the company is divided into equal shares
4) the company’s securities can be freely traded on the market
20. Information discrediting him was disseminated regarding Ivan Nikolaevich business reputation. Ivan Nikolaevich has the right to demand
1) compensation for moral damage
2) bringing disseminators of information to disciplinary liability
3) confiscation of property from information distributors
4) administrative detention of information disseminators
21. Are the following judgments about the emergence of civil legal relations correct?
A. Civil legal relations are exclusively property legal relations.
B. The law allows freedom of choice in determining their own behavior by participants in civil legal relations.
1) only A is correct
2) only B is correct
3) both judgments are correct
4) both judgments are incorrect
22. Which of the following actions will result in civil liability?
1) An entrepreneur gave a bribe to an official.
2) The head of the enterprise did not comply with the instructions of the fire inspectorate.
3) The construction team violated the deadlines for the construction of the country house.
4) Ivan did not pay tax on the profits received by the company he owned.
23. In what case, when considering a case in court, will a judge rely on the norms of civil law?
1) Citizen Sh. filed a lawsuit against the administration of the institution, disagreeing with the amount of monetary benefits paid to him upon dismissal.
2) Citizen K., who did not agree with the terms of the will, filed a lawsuit against his brother.
3) Citizen Yu. filed a complaint in court against her neighbor because he regularly took correspondence out of her mailbox and read letters sent to her.
4) Citizen M. was summoned to court on the issue of non-payment of tax on the sale of a land plot owned by her.
24. Property disputes between citizens are regulated by law
1) family
2) selective
3) civil
4) administrative
25. Citizen R. entered into an agreement with a company to install plastic windows. A team of installers from this company carried out the corresponding work, the quality of which did not suit citizen R. The company considered the customer’s requirements to be too high and refused to redo the work. The court will consider this case during the trial
1) administrative
2) arbitration
3) civil
4) criminal
26. Enterprise Z, specializing in the provision of small household services, unites 10 people, each of whom personally works at this enterprise and, regardless of the size of the contributed share, has one vote in resolving issues related to economic activity enterprises. What is the legal form of this enterprise?
1) unitary enterprise
3) business partnership
4) business company
27. According to the Civil Code of the Russian Federation legal entity pursuing profit as the main goal of its activities is
1) monopolist
2) commercial organization
3) owner of the means of production
4) participant-investor
28. Nikolay applied to the court to declare his grandfather incompetent. In what legal procedure will this case be considered?
1) administrative
2) arbitration
3) civil
4) criminal
29. Are the following judgments about the principles of citizenship of the Russian Federation correct?
A. Citizens of the Russian Federation have equal rights and responsibilities, regardless of the grounds for acquiring citizenship.
B. A citizen of the Russian Federation cannot be deprived of his citizenship or the right to change it.
1) only A is correct
2) only B is correct
3) both judgments are correct
4) both judgments are incorrect
30. Find in the list below the names denoting legal entities.
1) teacher
2) stall seller
3) store manager
4) public association
5) a team of miners
31. Find in the list below the forms in which legal entities that are commercial organizations can be created. Write down the numbers under which they are indicated.
1) joint stock company
2) production cooperative
3) charitable foundation
4) public association
5) business partnership
6) unitary enterprise
32. Find a concept that is generalizing for all other concepts in the series presented below. Write down this word (phrase).
33. Find a concept that is generalizing for all other concepts in the series presented below. Write down this word (phrase).
34. Establish a correspondence between legal entities and their types.
35. Establish a correspondence between organizational and legal forms and types of legal entities: for each position given in the first column, select the corresponding position from the second column.
36. Find the distinctive features of a cooperative in the list below. Write down the numbers under which they are indicated.
1) a voluntary association of citizens on the basis of membership for joint production or other economic activities
2) the charter must contain conditions on the amount of share contributions of members of a commercial organization
3) the participant can be one person, who in this case has complete control over the activities of the commercial organization
4) the general director in practice most often acts as the sole executive body of a commercial organization
5) the supreme governing body of a commercial organization is the general meeting of members of this organization
37. Find in the list below the forms in which legal entities that are commercial organizations can be created. Write down the numbers under which they are indicated.
38. The company “Tsvetik-Semitsvetik”, according to its Charter, has as its main purpose the wholesale sale of cut and potted flowers for profit. The capital of the company is divided into shares, the ownership of which is confirmed by securities. Find in the list given terms that can be used to characterize this company and write down the numbers under which they are indicated.
39. Enterprise Z, specializing in the provision of small household services, unites 10 people, each of whom personally works at this enterprise and, regardless of the size of the contributed share, has one vote in resolving issues related to the economic activities of the enterprise. What is the legal form of this enterprise?
1) unitary enterprise
3) business partnership
4) business company
40. The enterprise is collectively owned. Some owners are responsible for the economic activities of the enterprise with all their property, others - only in the amount of contributions made. The first category of owners has an advantage in managing the enterprise. What legal form does this organization represent?
1) general partnership
2) production cooperative
3) limited partnership
4) state unitary enterprise
41. As a result of a successful advertising campaign, the company was able to fully sell its products. The profit received was distributed by the company's employees in accordance with their labor participation within the share. The activity of an enterprise of what form of ownership is illustrated by an example?
1) cooperative
2) individual-private
3) state
4) joint stock
Civil Code of the Russian Federation. Extracts
Article 66. Basic provisions on business partnerships and companies
1. Business partnerships and companies are recognized as commercial organizations with authorized (share) capital divided into shares (contributions) of founders (participants). Property created through the contributions of founders (participants), as well as produced and acquired by a business partnership or company in the course of its activities, belongs to it by right of ownership.<…>
2. Business partnerships can be created in the form of a general partnership and a limited partnership (limited partnership).
3. Economic companies can be created in the form joint stock company, limited or additional liability companies.
4. Participants in general partnerships and general partners in limited partnerships may be individual entrepreneurs and (or) commercial organizations.
Participants in business companies and investors in limited partnerships can be citizens and legal entities.
Government agencies and bodies local government does not have the right to act as participants in business companies and investors in limited partnerships, unless otherwise provided by law.
Institutions may be participants in business companies and investors in partnerships with the permission of the owner, unless otherwise provided by law.
The law may prohibit or limit the participation of certain categories of citizens in business partnerships and companies, with the exception of open joint-stock companies.<…>
6. A contribution to the property of a business partnership or company may be money, securities, other things or property rights or other rights that have a monetary value.
The monetary valuation of the contribution of a participant in a business company is made by agreement between the founders (participants) of the company and, in cases provided for by law, is subject to independent expert verification.
7. Business partnerships, as well as limited and additional liability companies, do not have the right to issue shares.
Article 68. Transformation of business partnerships and companies
1. Business partnerships and companies of one type may be transformed into business partnerships and companies of another type or into production cooperatives by decision of the general meeting of participants in the manner established by this Code.<…>
42. Who, in accordance with the Civil Code of the Russian Federation, can be a participant in a business partnership? The law may prohibit or limit the participation of certain categories of citizens in certain commercial organizations. What form of legal entity is not subject to this prohibition or restriction?
43. Based on the above fragment, name all possible contributions to the property of a business partnership or company, provided by law. Explain why the law provides for the possibility of independent expert verification of the monetary value of participants' contributions.
44. Name three forms in which they can be created business companies. Give three characteristics of one of them.
45. The participants in a general business partnership decided to transform it into a limited partnership (limited partnership). Make a guess about the purpose of the transformation. What legal action needs to be taken? Based on social science knowledge, name two characteristics of what will change and what will remain the same in the legal status of the company and its owners.
Violation of the deadlines for the execution of services by a tourist organization, improper meeting at the airport or train station (transfer), accommodation in hotel rooms that do not comply with the contract (voucher) or the wrong level of the hotel itself, poor quality food or service...
Citizens encounter such violations of rights extremely often. However, due to the difficulty of claiming compensation from a travel company, as well as due to the difficulty of proving a violation of the terms of the contract concluded with a tour operator, claims or at least claims against travel companies in such cases are minimal (with the exception of violations of the conditions of carriage, where the main and indisputable remedy is the availability of an appropriate ticket).
Due to the fact that quality criteria tourism services are not clearly stated in the legislation; in practice, it is often difficult to determine where there is a violation of the quality of the service, and where there is the provision of false information.
The need to create a simplified regime for the restoration of violated rights in this area is obvious. Any (“material-visual”) sources can serve as a means of proof, such as, for example, photo and video filming, audio recordings, directions, written documents, etc. The tourist also needs to provide himself with legal remedies in terms of proving the actual losses (expenses) he has incurred ). Such means include properly executed checks, receipts, tickets, bank statements, written agreements, etc. But in addition to the tools of proof themselves, a simpler procedure for considering such disputes is necessary, since precisely because of the complexity, lengthiness and ambiguity of the process Most citizens prefer not to apply to authorized bodies, both judicial and extrajudicial, to restore their rights. And although the state is taking certain steps in this direction, they are clearly insufficient, and, moreover, ineffective in the part that was outlined above.
46. Give any two examples of violations of the rights of tourists named by the author. How does he explain the difficulty of determining violations of the terms of the tourist’s contract with the tour operator?
48. The author talks about frequent violations of citizens’ rights in the tourism sector. In what legal proceedings will the case of compensation for property damage caused to a tourist by a low-quality tourism product be considered? Who are the parties to this type of legal proceedings (name each party)? Based on your knowledge of the social science course, give two examples of any other cases considered in legal proceedings of this type.
49. What measures of legal support for the rights of tourists, in your opinion, can the state take in market conditions? Using the text, social science knowledge, facts of social life and personal social experience, name any two measures and briefly explain the purpose of each of them.
50. What meaning do legal scholars give to the concept of “subjects of civil law”? Drawing on the knowledge of the social science course, compose two sentences containing information about the subjects of civil law.
51. Name any three features of a limited partnership (limited partnership) as an organizational and legal form of entrepreneurial activity and illustrate each of them with an example.
52. Firm "Ivanov and K." is owned by a group of persons. The owners of an enterprise are responsible for the obligations of their enterprise in full with the property belonging to them, and have equal rights in managing their enterprise. What legal form does this enterprise represent? Give two reasons for your answer. Provide an additional feature that distinguishes enterprises of this organizational and legal form that is not specified in the problem.
53. Name any three legal relations regulated by civil law, and illustrate each with an example from everyday life.
54. Name three rights of the owner that make up the legal content of property, and illustrate each right with examples.
55. Between production cooperative"Boots" and unitary enterprise"Public Services Factory" a dispute arose regarding the issue of ownership of the premises of a shoe repair workshop. By what process can this dispute be resolved? Indicate the sign by which you determined this. Name another category of cases within the jurisdiction of this court.
56. Name any three objects of civil rights and illustrate with examples the legal relations that arise in connection with them.
Multifunctional cooperatives
Multifunctional cooperatives became widespread in the last decade of the 20th century. Each such cooperative is engaged in different types of economic activities in order to be competitive in market conditions.
Multifunctional cooperatives are also called mixed, multipurpose, universal, integral. They differ according to their areas of activity:
1) multifunctional cooperatives in the field of commodity and money circulation combine several functions: trade, sales, catering, car service, etc.;
2) multifunctional cooperatives in agriculture engaged in the marketing of agricultural products, their processing, supply, transportation, storage, trade, provision of insurance services, equipment repair, etc.
The increase in multifunctional cooperatives is a stable trend that has developed in the modern cooperative movement.
The concept of “signs of cooperatives”
Cooperatives differ from enterprises of other organizational and legal forms in a number of ways.
The characteristics of cooperatives are distinctive features cooperatives from enterprises of other organizational and legal forms.
When studying the characteristics common to cooperatives different types, should be based on the definition of a cooperative set out in the ICA Declaration of Cooperative Identity. Let's remember this definition:
A cooperative is an autonomous association of individuals who voluntarily come together to meet their economic, social and cultural needs through a jointly owned and democratically managed enterprise.
Lesson 1 emphasized that this definition expresses the socio-economic essence of the cooperative and its main features.
From the definition, the following main features of a cooperative can be identified:
1) cooperative - collective enterprise;
2) a cooperative is created to satisfy the material (economic) and other needs of its members;
3) cooperative - an autonomous enterprise;
4) cooperative - jointly owning an enterprise;
5) a cooperative is a democratically managed enterprise.
Since the definition of a cooperative adopted by the ICA is universal, the listed features are common features for all cooperatives. First of all, the main feature of a cooperative should be highlighted: a cooperative is a collective enterprise market economy.
A cooperative is always created in the form of an enterprise - a legal entity.
A cooperative as a collective enterprise is formed by a group of persons (individuals or legal entities).
A cooperative, being a collective enterprise, has similarities with other collective enterprises, such as partnerships, joint-stock companies. stva. However, cooperatives differ significantly from all collective enterprises. Cooperatives are special collective enterprises. They have special characteristics and therefore form a special sector of the market economy - cooperative.
Basic general characteristics of cooperatives as specific collective enterprises
A cooperative is created to satisfy the material and other needs of its members.
Cooperatives are collective enterprises created with a specific social purpose. The economic (economic) activities of cooperatives (trade, production, etc.) are aimed at generating income, part of which is spent on social activity: purchasing housing, providing educational and other services to its members.
Cooperatives are “local” enterprises operating in a certain specific territory (city, village, district). That's why people know each other and help each other.
A cooperative is an autonomous enterprise.
A cooperative is an independent legal entity. The members of the cooperative themselves create the cooperative, manage it and control its activities.
A cooperative is a jointly owned business.
The right of ownership of a cooperative as a collective enterprise belongs to its members. This right is manifested in the management of the cooperative by making joint decisions at meetings, councils and other governing bodies. Members of the cooperative monitor economic and other activities.
Ownership entails the duties and responsibilities of cooperative members.
Members of a cooperative participate economically in its activities by making dues, deposits, purchasing securities, goods and services, and other participation.
Members of the cooperative bear financial liability according to his obligations, which can be of two types:
a) limited, when the shareholder responds with one or more shares or all the funds invested by him in the cooperative;
b) unlimited, when a member of a cooperative is liable with all his property in his private property.
The right of ownership provides members of the cooperative with the right to a share of the income from the activities of the cooperative, which is distributed in proportion to the participation of each of them.
A cooperative is a democratically governed enterprise.
Management in the cooperative is democratic. Management and control bodies are elected by the cooperative at its meetings. Members of the cooperative control their activities. Management bodies report on their work at meetings. Managers constantly inform members of the cooperative about the results of its activities. When making decisions at meetings and other governing bodies, the principle is applied: one member - one vote. Thus, the significant difference between cooperatives and all other enterprises is that in their activities they comply with cooperative values and principles, which helps cooperatives preserve their special characteristics, their identity.
Ticket number 13
Ticket number 12
2.
Find a concept that is generalizing for all other concepts in the series below, and write down the number under which it is indicated.
1) objects of activity, 2) results of activity, 3) motives of activity, 4) subjects of activity, 5) structure of activity.
Answer:
3.
(1) Human knowledge is distinguished by a variety of types and forms. (2) One of the forms of knowledge is mythological knowledge. (3) Mythological knowledge is a syncretic unity of rational and emotional reflection of reality. (4) An example of mythological knowledge can be ancient tales about the origin of the world and man. (5) Without a doubt, a careful study of the myth provides significant information about the way of life of people, various spheres of life of ancient society.
A) factual nature
| 1. | 2. | 3. | 4. | 5. |
4. Find the distinctive features of a cooperative in the list below. Write down the numbers under which they are indicated.
1) a voluntary association of citizens on the basis of membership for joint production or other economic activities.
2) the charter must contain conditions on the amount of share contributions of members of a commercial organization.
3) the participant can be one person, who in this case has complete control over the activities of the commercial organization.
4) the general director in practice most often acts as the sole executive body of a commercial organization.
5) the supreme governing body of a commercial organization is the general meeting of members of this organization.
Answer: _______________________________________________________________________
1) social group
2) primary group
3) informal group
4) ethnic community
5) social class
Answer: _______________________________________________________________________
1. Write down the missing word.
2. Below are a number of terms. All of them, with the exception of two, characterize authoritarian political regime.
1) centralization of power 2) complete control over the lives of citizens
3) minimal participation of the people in politics 4) limited pluralism
5) political pluralism 6) lack of feedback from the people
Find two terms that “fall out” from the general series and write down the numbers under which they are indicated in the table.
Answer: _______________________________________________________________________
3. Read the text below, each position of which is numbered.
(1) Science is a sphere of human activity aimed at developing and theoretically systematizing objective knowledge about reality. (2) Science has three necessary characteristics: cognitive methods, reliability and general validity. (3) There is no doubt that modern science is universal in spirit. (4) There is no such area in production activities, which could isolate itself from science for a long time. (5) Everything that happens in the world is subject to observation, examination, and research.
Determine which provisions of the text are:
A) factual nature
B) the nature of value judgments
C) the nature of theoretical statements
| 1. | 2. | 3. | 4. | 5. |
4. Indicate in the proposed list features of the criminal process in relation to minors.
1) minors must be released on their own recognizance
2) the time of detention on charges of a crime cannot exceed 48 hours
3) interrogation of minors cannot be carried out in the presence of their parents
4) interrogation of a victim under 14 years of age is carried out with the mandatory participation of a teacher
5) minor citizens cannot be detained
6) interrogation of a minor cannot be carried out at night
Answer: _______________________________________________________________________
5. Choose a concept that is generalizing for all other concepts in the series below, and write down the number under which it is indicated.
1) labor force
2) unemployed
3) busy
4) working population
5) manufacturers material goods
Answer: _______________________________________________________________________